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Sacred Space Meditation

Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy Facilitator Certification Program MBE sacred space meditation

About Sacred Space

Since one of the core elements of mindfulness is the ability to focus on the present moment, sacred spaces naturally facilitate mindful states. From a psychological perspective, setting aside a sacred space allows you to enter that space, step outside of time, and do your own work of contemplating the essence of being. If you have a special place set aside for this activity, and only for this activity, then entering it more readily puts you in a special state of mind.
Psychologists call this situation-specific learning. If your sacred space becomes associated in your mind with relaxation, meditation, and contemplation, then after a while simply entering your sacred space will put you into a meditative state (Nadel, 2019).

If you are fortunate enough to have access to a natural place that calls to you, you may make it your own by placing symbols and signs there that mean something to you. My own sacred space is marked by statuary and wind chimes. The gentle music of the chimes lends itself well to contemplation. When I am at home with the windows open, sometimes the wind blows through the trees, stirring the chimes. When this happens, I am reminded of my sacred space and the peace found there. Even if I am busy working at the computer, the music of the chimes reminds me for a moment of the happy times I have spent in my sacred space in meditation.

If you don’t have access to an outdoor place to create your own sacred space, you can create one indoors. Set up a small table somewhere in a corner of your home. Cover it with things that help you to achieve a meditative state. You may use candles, incense, house plants, or pictures of nature scenes or loved ones. You can use anything that might help you to connect with your True Self.

If you’re out walking in the woods, you may come upon a place that attracts you. Stop there and meditate for a while. If this place is particularly meaningful for you, you may mark it for others by making a small pile of stones. This has been a tradition of mine for decades now, and when we do ecospirituality workshops, students often do this. Coming upon a small pile of stones left by another can be a powerful way to connect yourself to others who have walked the path. It also allows you the opportunity to be in a sacred space that others have enjoyed before you.

Whether your sacred space is indoors or outdoors, it can be a useful place for finding your center and connecting with your True Self.

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Sacred Space Meditation

Prior to performing this sacred space meditation, you must first have your own sacred space. If you don’t already have one, you’ll need to find your own sacred space for the purposes of this activity. This should be a place that is fairly easy to access for you. It should be as free of man-made artifice as possible. This means that it should not be a place with manicured lawns and trimmed hedges if at all possible. It should be a pristine place, undisturbed by modifications due to humankind.

Of course, this is the ideal, and you may not have such a space readily available to you. If not, that’s okay. Just try to get as close to a wild, untamed environment as you can. If that’s also not a possibility for you, then you can include as many natural elements as possible in this meditation by playing recorded sounds of nature or filling a room in your home with houseplants, or just visualizing an outdoor scene that fills you with a sense of peace and harmony.

For the purposes of this meditation, the fewer reminders you have of the modern human-built world, the more successful your meditation will be. Once you have found your sacred space, make sure that you will be undisturbed here for the duration of the exercise. When you are ready to begin, watch Sacred Space Meditation video. This exercise is part of the Ecospirituality Group Program by the Mindful Ecotherapy Center, LLC. Learn more at mindfulecotherapy.org.

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Mindful Walking

mindful walking the coyote walk

Mindful Walking utilizes mindfulness and ecopsychology as emotional regulation skills. This is especially true if you are able to do this exercise outdoors. Mindful walking may be used to de-fuse potential emotional aggression. If you feel that one of your triggers has been activated, and you can take a break, go outside and do a little mindful walking!

The goal of a mindful walking exercise is to increase self-awareness by focusing on the sensations your body experiences while walking. Your brain takes in about 2 billion bytes of information per second. Of all this information being taken in, you are usually only conscious of about 4000 bytes of this information. This Mindful Walking exercise helps you to learn to become more consciously aware by learning to focus on only one thing at a time. By being present in the moment, we learn to let go of worries about the past, and anxieties about the future.

It is preferable to do this exercise outdoors if possible, but if necessary you may also do the exercise indoors. You may wish to make a recording of it for your mp3 player so that you may take it with you while you walk, or you can watch the video below to get a good idea of the process. the video below is for the Coyote Walk Meditation, a type of mindful walking that we use in our Ecospirituality Program.

Mindful Walking Instructions

Read over the instructions below, then try it on your own:

  • Start by standing with your feet about shoulder width apart, with your weight evenly distributed. Your hands should hang loosely and freely by your side. Gaze at the ground about five or six feet in front of you. Don’t focus your eyes on anything…just allow your eyes to relax.
  • Center yourself before beginning to walk by taking a few deep breaths before beginning to walk. Don’t begin to walk until your attention and intention are focused on the moment. Shift from Doing Mode to Being Mode.
  • When you are ready, slowly lift your right leg in preparation for taking the first step.
  • As you step, focus on feeling every muscle in your leg. Note what each muscle is doing as you move. Don’t hurry the step. Just allow yourself to experience all the sensations that your leg is giving to you. Step forward until your right foot makes contact with the ground. Notice how your foot makes contact with the surface.
  • Did your heel touch first, or was it your toes?
  • Did you feel the pressure of contact first with the inside edge of your foot, or with the outside edge?
  • Now as you begin to bring your left foot forward for another step, notice how the weight changes on your right foot. Is it changing from heel to toe, or the other way around? Where do your feet feel the pressure? Can you feel the pressure move across your right foot as you make the next step?
  • Now as you bring your left foot forward to make contact with the ground, repeat the procedure. Note how the pressure and weight change over your left foot and leg as you prepare to make another step with your right foot.
  • Continue on, walking in the same manner, paying attention only to the way your body moves as you continue to walk. Focus only on the sensations your body continues to give you.
  • At times you may find yourself becoming distracted. If you notice a fragrance on the breeze, or if an animal crosses your path, or if you hear a bird singing, your mind may wander from the sensations of walking. If this happens, simply stop walking until your attention returns to you.
  • Sometimes the distractions are not in the environment, but in your mind. If thoughts and feelings take your mind off of the walking, then once again, stop walking until your mind returns to focusing only on the walking.
  • Remember that the goal of this exercise is to practice paying attention to only one thing at a time, and one thing only. If you feel tempted to begin thinking about the past or the future, stop walking until your thoughts and feelings return only to the sensations of the walking.
  • As you continue to practice Mindful Walking as part of your daily routine, your mind will become more calm and relaxed. Mindful walking is something that you can practice at any time during the day whenever you need a quick break from doing.
  • As you continue to practice focusing on only one thing at a time, you we gain more control over your own thoughts and feelings. You will become less prone to periods of overwhelming emotions and thoughts. You will also learn to experience the joy and the happiness within you.
  • Continue your walk, directing your attention only to the sensations of your walking. As you come to an end to this mindful walking meditation, slowly take your last step, and come to a stop, resting comfortably where you stand.
  • End the meditation by taking a few deep breaths and expanding your awareness to the environment around you. You may wish to do a mindful meditation during your mindful walking exercise as well.

Use the Mindful Walking meditation whenever you have the opportunity to take a quick break; especially if you find yourself experiencing anxiety or depression. Strong emotions can lead to emotional aggression, and you can de-fuse such ruminating cycles by shifting from Doing Mode into Being Mode. Mindful Walking helps you to do this by taking energy out of the thinking cycle and shifting it into the sensing cycle.

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NOW AVAILABLE: Ecospirituality Workbook!

Ecospirituality Workbook Cover Photo Ecospirituality Group Facilitator Certification Program

Click here to purchase

The Ecospirituality Workbook is now available at Amazon and at Elder Grove Media!

As the human race has become increasingly urbanized, we have come to spend less and less time in natural settings. Many of us now live in cities or suburbs rather than in rural areas. Even so, we still hear the calls of nature. The wilderness cries out to something in our blood. Although the industrial revolution forced us into an urban way of living, we were creatures of the wilderness for millennia before that. Evolution has hardwired our brains for the wild.
This ecospirituality program is based in part on the principles of deep ecology.

Arne Naess was a Norwegian philosopher and founder of the Deep Ecology movement. He cited Rachel Carson’s book Silent Spring (a book about how pesticides like DDT upset the delicate balance of nature) as instrumental in his development of the philosophy of deep ecology, which states that humans are not privileged above other living things and that all living things should be treated with equal respect and equal ethical consideration. Naess believed that all living things have an equal right to thrive and to survive.

The Ecospirituality Workbook is based in part on Deep Ecology. The Deep Ecology movement founded by Naess echoes the Gaia Hypothesis, which says that the Earth herself is a living thing and we are all a part of the much larger organism that is Gaia, the Earth. Although NASA scientist James Lovelock is credited with creating the Gaia Hypothesis, Native Americans, and other indigenous peoples all over the world, had such a concept for thousands of years before Lovelock came along.

Scientists are in the process of rediscovering what the indigenous peoples of the Earth knew all along: That the planet is a living organism and that we are all a part of the web of life. We are all connected. This idea of the interconnectedness of all things is what Naess meant by “deep ecology,” and deep ecology is at its core a spiritual movement.

If we are all connected, then what we do to the web of life, we do to ourselves. If we poison the water, then we drink the water, we take the poison into ourselves. If we pollute the food with pesticides, then eat the food, we take the pesticides into our own bodies. If we pollute the air, then breathe in the air, we take our own pollutants into our lungs. If we fatten our beef animals with hormones, then eat the beef, we take the hormones into ourselves. If we poison the minds and souls of our neighbors with hatred, anger, and bitterness, then interact with those neighbors in negative ways, we take hatred, anger, and bitterness into ourselves as well.

The deep ecology of The Ecospirituality Workbook teaches us to be one with nature. This oneness with nature is the ultimate form of spirituality. This is true even for agnostics or atheists. We don’t have to believe in supernatural beings to realize that nature is something larger and more transcendent than ourselves. The “divinity” in ecospirituality is nature itself. This is true whether or not we choose to personify nature as a separate, conscious, and divine entity.

We are all interdependent, and ecospirituality teaches us that if we cannot live in a sustainable, ecological way, then the human race will have no future. This planet has limited resources, and we currently don’t have anywhere else to go. Eventually everything will run out, and when this happens, how will we survive? The only way that the human race can survive is to embrace a way of life that honors all life on the planet. Such a way of life is what ecospirituality entails.

What is ecospirituality?

The word “spiritual” comes from the Latin spiritus, which means, “breath.” Originally, that which was spiritual was simply that which was breathtaking. From this perspective a spiritual experience is an awe-inspiring experience. People of all religions…or none…can experience such awe-inspiring events. You can be spiritual without being religious. Spirituality doesn’t rely on a set system of teachings or dogmas. Spirituality is the joy of being present in the moment and experiencing the awe and wonder of living.

In my own personal experience, those breathtaking moments most often occur when I have made some sort of connection. It could be a connection with nature, or with others, or with my own inner self. Such a connection opens up a channel of communication, or perhaps communion. Such a connection allows me to feel that I am a part of everything, and everything is a part of me. It produces a sense of oneness with the universe. It is the ultimate sense of connection.

For the purposes of this program and this workbook, ecospirituality is broken down into twelve distinct skills. These skills are created to foster that sense of connection to nature, to others, and to your own higher self. Each session of the The Ecospirituality Workbook and the Ecospirituality Program will review and teach one of these skills. A description of each of these skills follows.


The Twelve Skills of the Ecospirituality Workbook

The Ecospirituality Workbook focuses on achieving mindful states in nature. It is through these moments of connection that ecospirituality works its magic. There are twelve skills of ecospirituality. The first six skills are mindful skills. The remaining six skills are ecospirituality skills.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 1: Mindful Awareness

Mindful Awareness is a way of tuning in to what is happening right now, at this moment. Most of the anxiety we experience in life is either about things that happened in the past or things that may or may not happen in the future. When we learn to live in the present moment, we can make conscious choices in the present about what anxious thoughts and feelings to give our attention to, and which to let go of.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 2: Living in the Now

Living in the Now means allowing yourself to be in this moment, here and now. It is a shift from Doing Mode into Being Mode. The present is really the only time you can ever experience. The past is gone, and the future has not yet arrived. Here in the now is when we can make positive changes in our lives by making conscious choices about our lives and about our place in the world.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 3: Letting Go

Ecospirituality teaches us how to let go of stress and anxiety through the power of mindful acceptance. Mindful acceptance is the knowledge of the concept that we must accept the things we cannot change. It is the realization that we cannot change others, therefore we can only change ourselves. When we have learned mindful acceptance, we have learned the art of Letting Go.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 4: Radical Acceptance

Acceptance teaches us that we are not our thoughts, and that we are not our emotions. We are something different. That something different is the True Self. Radical acceptance teaches us that it’s not our circumstances that cause us anxiety. It’s what we choose to believe about our circumstances that causes anxiety. When we can accept what we feel without the need to respond or react in ways that lead to negative consequences, we have learned Radical Acceptance.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 5: Wise Mind and Wise Body

Wise Mind is the joining of Rational Mind and Emotional Mind in balance and harmony. When we can balance Rational Mind and Emotional Mind, we will achieve Wise Mind. From Wise Mind we gain the wisdom to know what we can change and what we must accept. Wise Body is the acceptance that mind and body are one and the same. By paying attention to what our bodies tell us about our emotional states, we can choose in the present how to respond. When we accomplish this, we have mastered Wise Body.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 6: Centering

We all have two concepts of self: The perceived self and the ideal self. The perceived self is how we see ourselves now. The ideal self is who we wish to be. It is our highest aspiration for ourselves. The closer together the perceived self and the ideal self are, the fewer problems we have. The further apart they are, the more the perceived self asks, “why can’t I be more like my ideal self?” The True Self is the person we would be if we could get out of our own way. It is the highest form of the ideal self. Centering allows you to connect with your own True Self through ecospiritual exercises. The more centered you are, the more your perceived self and your True Self integrate and align. The more this happens, the more we are able to live the lives we were meant to.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 7: Connecting

The original meaning of “spiritual” was “that which is breathtaking.” From this perspective, spiritual moments are those awe-inspiring, breathtaking moments we all experience from time to time. Spirituality is all about connectedness. Ecospirituality can help you achieve personal spiritual growth through fostering a sense of connection to nature, to others, and to your own True Self. In short, Connecting facilitates spiritual experiences.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 8: Nature as Metaphor

We all have personal stories called “my life.” These personal narratives are the fables we tell ourselves about what our lives mean and where they’re going. If our stories are going well, then we generally have no problems. On the other hand, if our personal narratives aren’t going well, we tend to develop problems. The good news about the story of our lives is that we are the only authors. If we don’t like the way the story is going, we have the power to rewrite it at any time. Ecospirituality teaches you how to pay attention to your own stories and to change them if you wish by using Nature as Metaphor.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 9: Nature as Teacher

Our ancestors lived at peace with nature. They knew the seasons. They knew when to sow and when to reap. They knew how to read the weather by signs. The lessons our ancestors learned about nature haven’t gone away. They’re still there, waiting in the forest like an open book. All we have to do is to learn how to read it using Nature as Teacher. When we allow nature to teach us in this manner, we unlock a powerful tool to discover more about nature and about ourselves through ecospirituality.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 10: Nature as Nurture

People who go into the woods become calmer, more relaxed, less stressful, and healthier. Ecospirituality can be used to tap into the nurturing and healing power of nature. When we allow nature to nurture us, we are healed. When we nurture the nature around us, we set up a reciprocal cycle of nurturing that allows us to become one with nature. When we learn this skill, we are able to embrace Nature as Nurture.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 11: Nature as Healer

Anyone who has ever gone on a vacation or even just a walk in the woods or in a park, or enjoyed the company of an animal companion, knows that nature has the power to heal. Ecospirituality helps you to connect to the healing power of nature using evidence-based activities in natural environments. This skill allows you to accept the power of Nature as Healer.

The Ecospirituality Workbook Session 12: Living in True Self

The ultimate goal of the Ecospirituality program is to realize and acknowledge your True Self, and to live in it. Doing so allows you the opportunity to re-connect in positive ways with nature, with others, and with yourself. When you learn to do so, you will be Living in True Self; the person you were born to be.


The Ecospirituality Facilitator Certification Program will be available in late summer of 2024! Sign up for our newsletter now to be informed when the program is released!

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FREE Ecospirituality Course!

  • Target Audience: Mental Health Professionals
  • Online Home Study Continuing Education Hours: 1 (One)

CLICK HERE TO TAKE THIS FREE COURSE

Course Description

“At times I feel like I am spread out over the landscape and inside things, and am myself living in every tree, in the splashing of the waves, into the clouds and the animals that come and go, in the procession of the seasons.”

-C. G. Jung, Memories, Dreams, Reflections

There is something spiritual and transcendent about spending time in nature. In recent years mental health professionals have come to recognize the healing power of nature and to utilize it to help their patients and their families recover from a host of problems.
While ecotherapy uses the power of nature to heal the body and the mind, ecospirituality uses nature to heal the spirit, helping practitioners to connect with themselves and others, with nature, and with something larger than themselves.

Ecospirituality can be used in this manner to experience the transcendent.

In this introductory course we will cover what spirituality is, what Ecospirituality is, how ecospirituality can help people to increase their resilience, and finally some common types of ecospiritual interventions.

Course Objectives

After successfully completing this course the student will be able to:

  • Define spirituality
  • Define ecospirituality
  • Differentiate between ecotherapy and ecospirituality
  • Describe some of the benefits of ecospirituality
  • Describe some common types of ecospiritual interventions


Instructor Qualifications and Contact Information

This course was created by Charlton Hall, MMFT, PhD.

Charlton Hall, MMFT, PhD is a former Marriage and Family Therapy Supervisor and a former Registered Play Therapy Supervisor (now retired from both those roles).

In 2008 he was awarded a two-year post-graduate fellowship through the Westgate Training and Consultation Network to study mindfulness and ecotherapy. His chosen specialty demographic at that time was Borderline Personality Disorder.

Dr. Hall has been providing training seminars on mindfulness and ecotherapy since 2007 when he founded what would become the Mindful Ecotherapy Center, LLC, and has been an advocate for education in ecotherapy and mindfulness throughout his professional career, serving on the South Carolina Association for Marriage and Family Therapy’s Board of Directors as Chair of Continuing Education from 2012 to 2014.

He served as the Chair of Behavioral Health for ReGenesis Health Care from 2014 to 2016 and trained all the medical staff in suicide risk assessment and prevention during his employment at that agency.

Dr. Hall is also a trained SMART Recovery Facilitator and served as a Volunteer Advisor in South Carolina for several years.

Dr. Hall’s area of research and interest is using Mindfulness and Ecotherapy to facilitate acceptance and change strategies within a family systemic framework, and he has presented research at several conferences and seminars on this and other topics.

Click here for instructor contact information

Click here to see a biography and summary of credentials for the Instructor


DISCLAIMER

The Mindful Ecotherapy Center, LLC has been approved by NBCC as an Approved Continuing Education Provider, ACEP No. 7022. Programs that do not qualify for NBCC credit are clearly identified. The Mindful Ecotherapy Center, LLC is solely responsible for all aspects of the programs.

All course materials for this online home study continuing education course are evidence-based, with clearly defined learning objectives, references and citations, and post-course evaluations. Upon request a copy of this information and a course description containing objectives, course description, references and citations will be given to you for your local licensing board.

All of our courses and webinars contain course objectives, references, and citations as a part of the course materials; however, it is your responsibility to check with your local licensure board for suitability for continuing education credit.

No warranty is expressed or implied as to approval or suitability for continuing education credit regarding jurisdictions outside of the United States or its territories.

If a participant or potential participant would like to express a concern about his/her experience with the Mindful Ecotherapy Center, NBCC ACEP #7022, he/she may call or e-mail at (864) 384-2388 or chuck@mindfulecotherapy.com. Emails generally get faster responses.

You may also use the contact form below.

Although we do not guarantee a particular outcome, the individual can expect us to consider the complaint, make any necessary decisions and respond within 24 to 48 hours.

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Wilderness Therapy Programs

Wilderness therapy programs like the Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy 12-week Program combine therapeutic elements with outdoor activities in a natural setting to help treat individuals with a range of needs including behavioral, emotional, psychological, and substance use issues.

In 2021, the Washington State Legislature directed The Washington State Institute for Public Policy (WSIPP) to conduct a research review of wilderness therapy programs related to behavioral health.

This report, the first in a two-part series, summarizes findings from their systematic literature review.

In the youth literature reviewed, wilderness therapy programs typically served adolescents aged 13 to 18 with behavioral, mental health, and/or substance use issues. Participants were usually enrolled in programs from one week to three months.

While enrolled, participants backpacked and organized camps, and learned outdoor skills like fire-making, meal prep, and navigation. Therapy sessions facilitated by mental health professionals or therapeutic elements like reflection and goal-setting were embedded into daily outdoor activities.

In the adult literature, wilderness therapy programs were typically provided to individuals ages 18 to 26 with behavioral, psychological, and/or substance use disorders. Adults tended to enroll in programs for shorter periods than adolescents (about 21 days on average). Adults participated in similar outdoor activities as youth.

The majority of studies examining wilderness therapy for youth and adult populations found that outcome measures improved post-treatment, compared to pretreatment. Typically, improvements were observed for outcomes like self-concept, behavior, and clinical measures of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Other outcomes like resilience, substance use, and social development were also common in both bodies of literature.


https://www.wsipp.wa.gov/ReportFile/1748/Wsipp_Wilderness-Therapy-Programs-A-Systematic-Review-of-Research_Report.pdf

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What is Ecotherapy?

ecotherapy
Ecotherapy

For most of its existence, homo sapiens has lived in harmony with nature as hunter/gatherers. Such a lifestyle requires a vast knowledge of the seasons, and of the patterns and habits of wildlife, and of plants and herbs and their healing powers. Industrialization and urbanization are fairly recent phenomena on an evolutionary scale. We still carry the genetic memory of our ancestors who lived in untamed nature. Our brains are wired for the outdoors and nature. A growing body of research demonstrates that not only do we feel better when we make time for nature, but it is also actually a requirement for good physical and mental health!

Ecopsychology and Ecotherapy

The field of ecopsychology studies how humans interact with nature. Ecopsychology is a philosophy combining elements of psychology and ecology. It is the philosophy that mental health is contingent upon the health of the environment. Humankind and the environment are part of an interrelated system. We are not separate from nature. We are a part of nature.

ecotherapy

Ecopsychology suggests that there is a synergistic relation between planetary and personal well-being; that the needs of the one are relevant to the needs of the other. In short, what we do to the environment, we do to ourselves. Ecotherapy is the practical application of this knowledge. In ecotherapy, nature is the “therapist.” In practicing the techniques of ecotherapy, we allow the healing power of nature to work its magic on us. Hölzel et al (2011) demonstrated that meditative states of mindfulness stimulate neural growth in the cerebral cortex in the areas of the brain responsible for emotional regulation, good judgment, insight, and impulse control. Nature experiences have been demonstrated in several studies to produce meditative states (fascination, relaxation, and mindfulness).

Ecotherapy: Natural Experiences with Nature

Experiences in and with nature, or natural experiences, are ways in which we consciously choose to allow nature to work its healing magic on us. Some types of natural experiences include:

Facilitated Wilderness Experiences

In these types of experiences, a trained facilitator takes you into the woods for an adventure. These events can be anything from a wilderness experience in ecotherapy led by a therapist or counselor to a hunting trip led by a wilderness guide. Kuo & Taylor (2004) demonstrated that therapy and other activities conducted in outdoor settings reduced symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Whittington (2006) found that wilderness skills training gave adolescent girls increased self-esteem and self-confidence and helped to shatter gender stereotypes.

Animal-Assisted Therapy

Animal therapy in the form of contact with pets and/or wild or domesticated animals enhances self-actualization and can lessen symptoms of depression. Antonioli & Reveley (2005) found that simply swimming with dolphins can greatly reduce symptoms of depression. Other studies have shown that owning pets, or even just watching fish in an aquarium, can greatly reduce stress. Equine Therapy uses horses to facilitate mental and physical well-being. There are many other ways that animals can help us lead happier lives, as any pet owner can tell you!

Therapeutic Gardens

Sempik & Spurgeon (2006) demonstrated that therapeutic gardening reduces stress and lessens symptoms of depression. Blair (2009) discovered that gardening can be used as a means of helping school children to enhance self-sufficiency, social identity, meaning, and self-integration. There’s just something very healing about planting something and nurturing it as you watch it grow.

Vacations

Berto (2014) discovered that outdoor activities reduce stress and restore energy. If you’ve ever had to miss a vacation, you’re probably painfully aware of the regenerative power of taking a week or so off to spend time in nature. Cole (2012) found that you don’t need a facilitator or guide to enjoy health and well-being benefits from the use of wilderness areas. There’s a reason we’re attracted to beaches and national parks!

Architecture Incorporating Natural Spaces

Nature can be incorporated into the home environment through the use of plants, an aquarium, or even recorded nature sounds. Alvarsson et al (2010) studied the positive mental health effects of listening to nature sounds.

Outdoor Classrooms

Dennis, Wells & Bishop (2014) revealed that outdoor classrooms enhanced many critical factors of the educational experience, including: Enhanced retention, better focus, more attention to detail, less hyperactivity, more relaxation, increased confidence and self-esteem, and better cognitive functioning

Why Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy?

Mindfulness-based ecotherapy (MBE) enhances traditional ecotherapy by combining the restorative benefits of nature with the self-regulation and awareness skills cultivated through mindfulness practices. Ecotherapy alone has been shown to reduce stress, improve mood, and increase feelings of connectedness to the natural environment (Berto, 2014).

By integrating mindfulness, participants are encouraged to attend fully to present-moment sensory experiences within natural settings, which can deepen emotional processing, reduce rumination, and amplify psychological restoration (Kabat-Zinn, 2003). This combination strengthens the therapeutic impact, particularly for individuals prone to anxiety or depression, by not only providing exposure to nature but also fostering intentional engagement with it. Mindfulness enhances attentional control, allowing participants to notice subtle natural cues, reflect without judgment, and cultivate a sense of grounded presence, thereby making ecotherapy sessions more effective and transformative (Berto, 2014; Kabat-Zinn, 2003).


References

Alvarsson JJ, Wiens S, Nilsson ME. Stress recovery during exposure to nature sound and environmental noise. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010 Mar;7(3):1036-46. doi: 10.3390/ijerph7031036. Epub 2010 Mar 11. PMID: 20617017; PMCID: PMC2872309.

Antonioli C, Reveley MA. Randomised controlled trial of animal facilitated therapy with dolphins in the treatment of depression. BMJ. 2005 Nov 26;331(7527):1231. doi: 10.1136/bmj.331.7527.1231. PMID: 16308382; PMCID: PMC1289317.

Berto, R. (2014). The role of nature in coping with psycho-physiological stress: A literature review on restorativeness. Behavioral Sciences, 4(4), 394–409. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs4040394

Blair, D. (2009). The child in the garden: An evaluative review of the benefits of school gardening. Journal of Environmental Education, 40(2), 15–38.

Cole, D. N. (2012). Wilderness visitor experiences: A selective review of 50 years of research. Park Science, 28(3), Winter 2011‑2012. https://www.fs.usda.gov/rm/pubs_other/rmrs_2012_cole_d001.pdf

Dennis, S. F., Wells, A., & Bishop, C. (2014). A post-occupancy study of nature-based outdoor classrooms in early childhood education. Children, Youth and Environments, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.7721/chilyoutenvi.24.2.0035

Fieldhouse J, Sempik J. ‘Gardening without Borders’: Reflections on the Results of a Survey of Practitioners of an ‘Unstructured’ Profession. British Journal of Occupational Therapy. 2007;70(10):449-453. doi:10.1177/030802260707001006

Hölzel BK, Carmody J, Vangel M, Congleton C, Yerramsetti SM, Gard T, Lazar SW. Mindfulness practice leads to increases in regional brain gray matter density. Psychiatry Res. 2011 Jan 30;191(1):36-43. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2010.08.006. Epub 2010 Nov 10. PMID: 21071182; PMCID: PMC3004979.

Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10(2), 144–156. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy/bpg016

Taylor AF, Kuo FE. Children with attention deficits concentrate better after walk in the park. J Atten Disord. 2009 Mar;12(5):402-9. doi: 10.1177/1087054708323000. Epub 2008 Aug 25. PMID: 18725656.




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Sensing Wolf and Thinking Wolf: An Empowering Tale of 2 Wolves

sensing wolf
sensing wolf

An old Grandfather said to his grandson, who came to him with anger at a friend who had done him an injustice, “Let me tell you a story. I, too, at times, have felt a great hate for those who have taken so much, with no sorrow for what they do. But hate wears you down, and does not hurt your enemy. It is like drinking poison and wishing your enemy would die. I have struggled with these feelings myself many times.”

He continued, “It is as if there are two wolves inside me. One is good and does not harm. He lives in harmony with all around him, and does not take offense when no offense was intended. He will only fight when it is right to do so, and in the right way. But the other wolf is full of anger. The littlest thing will set him into a fit of temper. He fights everyone, all the time, for no reason. He cannot think because his anger and hate are so great. It is helpless anger, for his anger will change nothing.”

“Sometimes, it is hard to live with these two wolves inside me, for both of them try to dominate my spirit.”

The boy looked intently into his Grandfather’s eyes and asked, “Which one wins, Grandfather?”

The Grandfather smiled and quietly said, “The one I feed.”

A Tale of Two Wolves, from a Cherokee legend as re-told in The Mindful Mood Management Workbook by Charlton Hall

Thinking Wolf and Sensing Wolf

The more energy we spend on sensing, the less energy we have to spend on thinking. Based on the tale of two wolves above, we could see the two wolves as “thinking wolf” and “sensing wolf.” The more energy you give to the sensing wolf, the less energy you give to the thinking wolf. The less energy the thinking wolf receives, the weaker the thinking wolf becomes. Conversely, the more energy the sensing wolf receives, the stronger the sensing wolf becomes. By shifting from thinking to sensing, you’re not trying to ‘kill’ the thinking wolf. You’re not engaging in doing by trying to make the thinking wolf go away. You’re simply depriving it of energy so that it may eventually go away on its own. Even if it doesn’t go away on its own, you’re not focusing your attention on it. Since your attention isn’t on it, thinking wolf can’t grab you by the throat, refusing to let go.

The Wolf You Feed

It could be said that focusing on what your senses are telling you is a type of thinking as well, and that is partially true; however, the difference is that focusing on what your senses are telling you is a type of thinking devoid of emotional content. If you’re in a thinking cycle that is causing you anxiety or depression, then anxiety and depression are emotions. But unless you hate trees for some reason, simply sitting quietly in a forest and observing a tree as if you are an artist about to draw that tree is an exercise devoid of emotional content. By focusing on the emotionally neutral stimuli found in nature, we allow ourselves to feed the sensing wolf.

How Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy Helps Nurture the Sensing Wolf Over the Thinking Wolf

The metaphor of the two wolves offers a useful way to understand the tension between present-moment awareness and the mental habits that fuel anxiety, stress, and depression. The “sensing wolf” represents the part of us that experiences life directly through the five senses, grounded in what is happening here and now. The “thinking wolf,” on the other hand, is the part of the mind that ruminates, analyzes, spirals into what-ifs, and fixates on problems. Both wolves have value, but in many people, the thinking wolf grows overfed, dominating the internal landscape with worry and mental noise. Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy creates conditions that allow the sensing wolf to regain strength, balance, and presence, shifting the center of gravity away from constant mental churn.

Natural Environments Favor the Sensing Wolf

One reason this works so well is that natural environments naturally favor the sensing wolf. When someone steps outdoors into a wooded area, a park, a shoreline, or even a garden, the sensory field becomes richer and more inviting than the world of internal rumination. Leaves move in the breeze, sunlight flickers, birds call, water flows, and colors shift. The brain is gently nudged toward sensory engagement, which quiets the internal monologue that the thinking wolf thrives on. In this state, attention moves from the world of thoughts to the world of direct experience. This transition alone can reduce stress and interrupt the cycles that reinforce anxiety and depression.

Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy builds on this natural shift by offering structured practices that actively engage the sensing wolf. Techniques like mindful walking, breath awareness in natural settings, sensory-focused grounding, and observation of ecological patterns encourage participants to connect deeply with what is happening in the moment. When the senses are occupied and awake, the thinking wolf loses some of its grip. Rumination is harder to maintain while noticing the texture of a stone, the temperature of the air, or the scent of pine needles. Over time, this repeated redirection strengthens neural pathways associated with presence rather than worry.

Chilling Out with the Sensing Wolf

Another benefit of nurturing the sensing wolf is the way ecotherapy interacts with the body’s stress physiology. Rumination activates the sympathetic nervous system, keeping the body stuck in low-grade fight-or-flight. Sensory engagement, particularly in nature, stimulates the parasympathetic system, which promotes calm, digestion, and restoration. As the body calms, the mind follows. When the nervous system shifts into balance, the sensing wolf becomes easier to access, and the thinking wolf becomes less dominant. This physiological support is one of the reasons nature-based mindfulness is such a potent intervention for chronic stress and mood challenges.

Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy also provides a corrective to the thinking wolf’s habit of interpreting thoughts as facts. When individuals practice noticing sensations without judgment, they simultaneously learn to observe thoughts with the same attitude. Thoughts become passing mental events rather than urgent demands for action or attention. This distances the self from the thinking wolf’s tendency to catastrophize or rehearse negative narratives. Instead of wrestling with thoughts, participants learn to acknowledge them and return to sensory experience, strengthening the sensing wolf through repetition and compassion.

Sensing Wolf and Connection

Finally, ecotherapy nurtures the sensing wolf by cultivating connection—connection to nature, to the present moment, and ultimately to one’s own internal experience. The thinking wolf often thrives in isolation, spinning stories without grounding in the wider world. The sensing wolf grows stronger when individuals feel part of a larger ecosystem, rooted and supported by the living environment around them. This sense of belonging reduces the vulnerability that fuels rumination and helps reinforce emotional resilience.

By feeding the sensing wolf through mindfulness-based experiences in nature, individuals create healthier internal balance. The thinking wolf does not disappear, but it no longer runs the entire show. Over time, present-moment awareness becomes more accessible, anxiety decreases, and emotional well-being improves. This is the core strength of Mindfulness-Based Ecotherapy: teaching people how to live more fully in the present while gently quieting the mental habits that keep them trapped in stress.


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